deodorants

Deodorants are personal care products designed to prevent or reduce body odor resulting from the bacterial breakdown of sweat, most often in the armpits but also in other areas of the body. They may mask odor with fragrances or kill odor-causing bacteria. Antiperspirants are closely related products that reduce sweating by temporarily blocking sweat glands with aluminum-based salts; many products combine deodorant and antiperspirant effects.

Formulations come in various forms, including sticks, roll-ons, sprays, gels, and creams. Active ingredients differ: deodorants may rely on fragrances, antimicrobial agents, and pore-cleaning compounds to control odor, while antiperspirants include aluminum compounds that reduce underarm moisture. Other ingredients commonly found in these products include solvents, moisturizers, binders, and skin-conditioning agents. Some products are marketed as fragrance-free for sensitive users.

Mechanism of action varies by product type. Deodorants primarily target odor by reducing bacteria activity and masking odor with scents. Antiperspirants act by forming a temporary plug in sweat ducts, decreasing the amount of sweat that reaches the skin surface. The combination products aim to both lessen odor and reduce moisture.

Safety and regulation vary by country. Most authorities consider aluminum-based antiperspirants safe for general use when applied as directed, though some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions to fragrances, preservatives, or other ingredients. Users should avoid applying to broken skin and follow label instructions.

History and usage have evolved from early powders and herbal remedies to modern formulations available in multiple forms. Ongoing considerations include product labeling, sensitive-skin formulations, and environmental aspects such as packaging and propellants.