farrier

A farrier is a tradesperson who specializes in the care of a horse's hooves. Their responsibilities include trimming and balancing the hoof, shaping the sole, and fitting, placing, and maintaining horseshoes. Farriers also assess hoof health and soundness, address hoof problems, and may propose corrective or therapeutic shoeing to relieve lameness or support specific activities.

Work often involves trimming the hoof wall and sole, rasping to a smooth contour, and removing damaged tissue or debris. When shoes are needed, the farrier measures, shapes, and nails them onto the hoof, with care to avoid bruising or over-nailing. They may apply pads, wedges, or other remedial materials to alter weight distribution or comfort.

Farriers typically learn through an apprenticeship or formal training. Certification and regulation vary by country, with professional bodies such as the American Farrier's Association in the United States or the Guild of Master Farriers in the United Kingdom offering credentials and continuing education.

Tools commonly used include hoof knives, nippers, rasps, clinchers, hammers, and nail pullers, along with measuring devices and a hoof stand or portable forge in some settings. Safety and horse welfare are central, given the risk of injury to horse or handler during trimming or shoeing.

Historically, farriers evolved from blacksmiths who specialized in horseshoes; the term farrier distinguishes those who work primarily with equine hoof care from general blacksmithing. Modern farriers work in stables, racing yards, and equestrian centers, often collaborating with veterinarians and rehabilitation specialists.