excursionismo

Excursionismo, commonly known as hiking, is a form of outdoor recreation that involves walking along natural terrain, often on established trails, for recreation, exercise, or travel. It can range from short walks of a few kilometers on local countryside to multi-day treks through mountains or forests. While it emphasizes enjoying nature and physical movement, it is distinct from mountaineering, which includes technical climbing, and from urban or fitness walking that occurs in built environments.

History and scope: The modern practice has roots in 19th-century European naturalist and social clubs, evolving into organized hiking associations and long-distance trails. Today, excursionismo is practiced worldwide, with varied traditions and terms in different languages, and it is often undertaken individually or in groups, from casual day trips to organized expeditions.

Practices and equipment: Participants usually travel with appropriate footwear, clothing for weather, a light backpack, water, and snacks. Navigation may involve maps, compasses, or GPS devices. Safety considerations include weather, terrain, altitude, and fitness level; group safety protocols and emergency plans are common in clubs and guided routes. Environmental ethics promote staying on trails, packing out waste, and minimizing impact on wildlife and habitats.

Types and infrastructure: Excursionismo encompasses day hikes and multi-day treks; some routes are supported by refuges, huts, or trail towns. In many areas, protected lands offer marked trails, signage, and seasonal restrictions. The activity contributes to conservation awareness and regional tourism, and it is supported by clubs, federations, and public land agencies.