packing

Packing is the process of preparing belongings or goods for transport, storage, or sale by placing items into protective containers. The aims are to prevent damage, enable handling, and optimize space, while complying with relevant rules and requirements. Packing occurs in several contexts, including travel packing, shipping packaging for commodities, and packing for storage or moving.

Common containers include cardboard boxes, plastic crates, suitcases, garment bags, and tote boxes. Cushioning materials such as bubble wrap, foam, old newspapers, and tissue paper absorb impacts. Filler materials prevent shifting; tape, labels, and sealing systems ensure closure. Sustainable options emphasize recycled content and reusable totes.

Techniques vary by purpose. For travel, planning a packing list, rolling clothes rather than folding, and using packing cubes can save space and reduce wrinkles. For fragile items, wrap each item individually, pad corners, and place them in a rigid container with ample padding and a tight fit to minimize movement. For shipping, outer packaging should be sturdy and appropriately sized, with cushioning to meet shock and vibration requirements and to resist compression.

In shipping and commerce, packing often includes labeling, barcodes, and compliance with carrier or customs rules. Environmental protection often requires moisture barriers and weatherproofing, desiccants for humidity control, and appropriate seals to deter tampering. Palletization and secure closure may be used for bulk shipments.

In storage and moving, factors include climate control to prevent deterioration, pest prevention, inventory tracking, and easy access. Efficiency considerations include minimizing weight while maintaining protection and avoiding overpacking, which wastes space and increases cost. Safety guidelines advise proper lifting techniques and avoiding excessive stacking.