coccígea

Coccygea is a term used to describe pain in the coccyx, also known as the tailbone. The coccyx is the final section of the vertebral column in humans and other primates, located at the very end of the spine, below the sacrum. This pain can range from a dull ache to sharp, intense pain, and can be exacerbated by sitting for long periods, rising from a seated position, or direct pressure on the area.

The causes of coccygea are varied. It can result from trauma, such as a fall directly onto the tailbone, or from repetitive stress from activities like cycling or rowing. Childbirth is another common cause, as the coccyx can be pushed out of alignment or injured during delivery. Degenerative changes, similar to those seen in other joints, can also contribute to coccyx pain, as can the formation of bone spurs or cysts. In some instances, the cause of coccygea may be idiopathic, meaning it is unknown.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination and a review of the patient's medical history. Imaging studies, such as X-rays or MRI scans, may be used to rule out other conditions and to visualize any abnormalities in the coccyx or surrounding structures. Treatment for coccygea often begins with conservative measures. These can include pain relievers, anti-inflammatory medications, and lifestyle modifications such as avoiding prolonged sitting and using a specially designed cushion to relieve pressure. Physical therapy, including exercises to strengthen pelvic floor muscles, can also be beneficial. In persistent or severe cases, injections of local anesthetics or corticosteroids may be administered. Surgical removal of the coccyx, known as a coccygectomy, is a last resort and is rarely performed.