arterioskleroosiateroskleroosi

Arterioskleroosi, commonly known as hardening of the arteries, is a medical condition characterized by the thickening and hardening of arterial walls. This process is a gradual one, often developing over many years. It is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, including heart attack and stroke. The exact cause of arteriosclerosis is not fully understood, but it is believed to be a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors.

The progression of arteriosclerosis involves the buildup of plaque, a fatty substance composed of cholesterol, calcium, and other substances, on the inner walls of arteries. This plaque narrows the arteries, restricting blood flow. Over time, the plaque can harden, making the arteries less flexible. In some cases, the plaque can rupture, leading to the formation of a blood clot that can block blood flow entirely.

Several risk factors are associated with the development of arteriosclerosis. These include high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, smoking, diabetes, obesity, a sedentary lifestyle, and a family history of heart disease. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet, regular exercise, and avoiding smoking, can help reduce the risk of developing or slowing the progression of arteriosclerosis. Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, medical history, and sometimes imaging tests like an ultrasound or angiography. Treatment focuses on managing risk factors and may include medications to lower blood pressure and cholesterol, as well as lifestyle modifications.