Yellowjacket

Yellowjacket is a common name for predatory social wasps in the genera Vespula and Dolichovespula. These insects are found in the order Hymenoptera and are known for their yellow and black markings, though coloration can vary. Yellowjackets are important predators in many ecosystems, feeding on other insects, spiders, and carrion. They are also attracted to sugary substances and human food, which can lead to conflict with people, especially during late summer and early fall.

These wasps build their nests underground, in cavities, or in sheltered above-ground locations. Nests are constructed from chewed wood pulp mixed with saliva, creating a paper-like material. A single colony can contain thousands of individuals, including a queen, sterile female workers, and males. The queen is responsible for laying eggs, while the workers forage for food, defend the nest, and care for the young. Yellowjacket colonies are annual, meaning they die off in the fall, with only fertilized queens overwintering to start new colonies the following spring.

While yellowjackets can be aggressive when their nests are disturbed or when competing for food, they are generally not inherently aggressive towards humans unless provoked. Their sting is painful and can cause allergic reactions in some individuals, ranging from localized swelling to severe anaphylaxis. Identification of yellowjackets is important for understanding their role in the environment and for managing potential human-wildlife interactions.