Weasels

Weasels are small carnivorous mammals in the family Mustelidae. The term commonly refers to several species within the genus Mustela, including the least weasel (Mustela nivalis), the stoat or ermine (Mustela erminea), and the long-tailed weasel (Mustela frenata). They are small, elongated mammals with short legs and long bodies, adapted for quick, agile movements through dense vegetation and narrow burrows.

Weasels have a cosmopolitan distribution, occurring in a wide range of habitats such as forests, grasslands, agricultural areas, and wetlands. They typically occupy territories and are solitary outside of the breeding season. Their behavior is largely nocturnal or crepuscular, depending on the species and environment.

Their diet is carnivorous, focusing on small vertebrates. They hunt rodents, rabbits, birds, eggs, and insects, often taking prey larger than their own size. They are known for energetic hunting tactics, including stalking and rapid bursts into burrows. Reproduction varies by species, but most produce several young per year after a relatively short gestation, with litters commonly ranging from a few to over a dozen kits.

Weasels have high metabolic rates and require frequent feeding to maintain energy. They are celebrated for ferocity relative to size and can defend themselves against larger animals when cornered. In some regions, seasonal fur color changes occur, such as the stoat turning white in winter, producing the ermine coat.

Conservation status varies by species, but many weasels are widespread and not currently threatened. Local declines can occur due to habitat loss, pesticide exposure, and trapping or poisoning aimed at controlling prey populations.