Varmepumpemodeller

Varmepumpemodeller are mathematical and computational representations of heat pump systems used to predict performance, energy use, and operating behavior under varying conditions. They are employed in building physics, product development, and policy analysis to compare technologies, optimize control, and assess potential energy savings.

Models in this field range from simple steady-state estimates of efficiency to detailed dynamic simulations. Component-level models simulate evaporator and condenser heat transfer, compressor work, expansion valve throttling, and refrigerant properties, while system-level models represent configurations such as air-source, ground-source, or water-to-water heat pumps and include piping, hydraulics, and control logic. Modeling approaches include first-principles thermodynamics, semi-empirical correlations, and reduced-order methods. Outputs typically include COP, capacity, refrigerant pressures, outlet temperatures, and part-load performance.

Inputs commonly include climate data, building or process load profiles, component specifications, refrigerant type, flow rates, and control settings. Uses encompass energy performance simulation, design optimization, equipment selection, and scenario analysis for different climates or usage patterns. Software tools frequently involved are EnergyPlus, TRNSYS, and Modelica-based environments, often with specialized heat pump models and libraries for refrigerants and properties.

Validation and uncertainty are important aspects, with models calibrated against measured data and subjected to sensitivity analyses to assess reliability. Limitations arise from data quality, model complexity, and assumptions about controls and dynamic behavior, which can affect prediction accuracy in transient conditions.