subjected

Subjected is the past participle of the verb subject and is used to indicate that someone or something has been placed under a particular condition, influence, or authority. It also functions as an adjective, describing the state of being exposed to that condition or influence.

The word derives from Latin subicere, "to place under," via Old French sujet. In English, it emerged in Middle English with the sense of bringing under control or under consideration, and the form subjected developed from the verb to subject.

Subjected is most often seen in the passive voice with the preposition to: "The specimens were subjected to heat" or "Participants were subjected to a series of tests." This construction emphasizes exposure, testing, or subjection under varying conditions. The phrase can apply to people, objects, or processes and may carry neutral, technical, or sometimes negative connotations depending on context.

Related terms include subject, subjectivity, subjection, and the fixed phrase subject to. Grammatically, subjected is a past participle that forms complex tenses and adjectives, and it typically answers questions about what was done to or what they were placed under.