Vaping

Vaping refers to the inhalation of an aerosol produced by an electronic device that heats a liquid, commonly called e-liquid or vape juice. The liquid typically contains propylene glycol, vegetable glycerin, nicotine and flavorings, though some liquids are nicotine-free. The device, often called an e-cigarette, consists of a battery, an atomizer, and a reservoir such as a cartridge or tank; devices range from disposable cig-a-likes to refillable pod systems and high-powered mods.

Vaping devices heat the liquid to generate an aerosol that the user inhales. Users may customize devices by adjusting power, coil resistance and airflow. E-liquids are available in nicotine strengths ranging from zero to high concentrations, and flavors span fruits, desserts, and tobacco-style profiles. Nicotine exposure is a central concern, particularly for youth and pregnant people, as nicotine affects developing brains and can contribute to addiction.

Health effects: The aerosol typically contains nicotine and other chemicals. Compared with combustible cigarettes, vaping generally delivers fewer toxicants, but it is not risk-free. Potential health risks include lung irritation, cardiovascular effects, and exposure to heavy metals or volatile organic compounds; long-term effects remain uncertain. Secondhand vapor can also expose bystanders to nicotine and other substances.

Regulation: Many countries regulate e-cigarettes as tobacco products, with age limits, product standards, labeling, and marketing restrictions. Some jurisdictions restrict flavors or outdoor advertising and impose taxes. In the United States, the FDA regulates e-cigarettes under the Tobacco Control Act, with ongoing approvals and enforcement. In the EU, the TPD governs product safety and labeling.

History and public health: E-cigarettes were developed in the early 2000s in China and expanded globally in the 2010s, with the rise of pod-based devices. Public health authorities monitor trends, especially youth uptake. Vaping is used by some as an alternative to smoking or as a cessation aid; authorities emphasize caution for youth, pregnant people, and non-smokers. Environmental concerns include battery waste and discarded cartridges.