Unterbrechern

Unterbrechern is the plural form of Unterbrecher, a German term used for devices that interrupt an electrical current or signal in order to control a circuit, timing, or protection. The concept encompasses a range of mechanisms across different technologies, united by the basic function of creating a controlled break in a conducting path.

In automotive engineering, the term is most commonly associated with the Zündunterbrecher, or spark-ignition breaker points, in older ignition systems. These mechanical interrupters are cam-driven contacts that periodically open and close the primary winding of the ignition coil. When closed, current builds in the coil; when the points open, the magnetic field collapses and induces a high voltage in the secondary winding, producing a spark at the spark plug. The dwell angle, timing, and wear of the contact surfaces directly influenced engine performance and efficiency. With the advent of electronic ignition, mechanical Unterbrecher points have largely been replaced by solid-state modules and sensors.

Beyond automotive ignition, the term can refer more generally to any device designed to interrupt current in a circuit, such as historical switching equipment or protective devices in early electrical installations. In modern practice, explicit terms like switch, relay, or circuit breaker are more common, with the latter providing automatic interruption to prevent damage from overloads or faults.

Historically, Unterbrechern played a key role in the development of timed electrical functions and spark timing. Today, they are mainly of historical interest, with contemporary systems favoring electronic or solid-state solutions for reliability and precision.

See also: Zündsystem, Schalter, Relais, Leitungsschutzschalter, Unterbrecherkontakt.