Tupinambis

Tupinambis is a genus of large lizards in the family Teiidae, commonly known as tegus. Native to South America, tegus occupy a broad range of habitats, from tropical forests and savannas to disturbed or urban environments. The taxonomy of Tupinambis has undergone substantial revision in recent decades; many species once placed in Tupinambis have been moved to Salvator. Some authorities retain Tupinambis for a small core of species, while others treat the genus as largely deprecated.

Description: Tegus are robust, terrestrial lizards with heavy bodies, strong limbs, and long tails. Adults typically measure 60–100 cm in total length, with tails contributing substantially. Skin coloration is variable but generally gray to brown with dark markings; some populations show banding or blotches.

Ecology: They are diurnal omnivores, feeding on fruits, seeds, insects, eggs, small vertebrates, and carrion. Tegus are behaviorally adaptable, often foraging on the ground or in low vegetation in warm habitats. Reproduction is oviparous; females lay eggs in nests and may guard the nest during incubation. Clutch size and incubation period vary by species and climate.

Distribution and status: Tegus are distributed across northern and central South America, with some species extending into southern Brazil, Argentina, and Paraguay. In older classifications, the Argentine tegu was placed in Tupinambis, but it is now commonly listed as Salvator merianae in many sources. Invasive status: Ferally released Argentine tegus have established populations in parts of Florida, where they compete with native wildlife and pose management challenges.

In captivity: Tegus are kept as exotic pets by experienced keepers. They require large, secure enclosures, appropriate heat and UV lighting, and a varied diet; lifespans in captivity commonly exceed a decade.