Trinomys

Trinomys is a genus of rodents in the family Echimyidae. These animals are commonly known as spiny rats or arboreal spiny rats. The genus is native to South America, with species found in Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay. Trinomys species are characterized by their spiny fur, which provides protection against predators. They are generally nocturnal and arboreal, meaning they live in trees. Their diet consists mainly of fruits, seeds, and insects.

The genus Trinomys was first described by French zoologist Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire in 1833. Historically, the classification of Trinomys species has been complex, with many being previously assigned to other genera. Current research recognizes several distinct species within the genus, although taxonomic revisions are ongoing. Trinomys species typically inhabit forests and woodlands, preferring areas with dense vegetation for shelter and foraging.

Reproduction in Trinomys generally involves small litter sizes, and the young are precocial, meaning they are relatively well-developed at birth. The spiny fur, a defining characteristic, is present from birth or develops shortly after. These rodents play a role in their ecosystems as seed dispersers and as prey for various carnivores. Conservation statuses vary among Trinomys species, with some facing threats from habitat loss and fragmentation.