Reumatoidaartriitti

Reumatoidaartriitti is a chronic inflammatory disease that primarily affects the joints. It is an autoimmune disorder, meaning the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own healthy tissues, specifically the synovium, which is the lining of the joints. This attack leads to inflammation, pain, swelling, stiffness, and eventually can cause joint damage and deformity.

The exact cause of rheumatoid arthritis is not fully understood, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors. It can affect people of all ages, but it most commonly begins in middle age. Women are more likely to develop rheumatoid arthritis than men.

The symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis can vary from person to person and can fluctuate over time. Common symptoms include pain, swelling, and stiffness in the joints, particularly in the hands, wrists, and feet. Morning stiffness, which can last for more than an hour, is a characteristic feature. Fatigue, fever, and loss of appetite can also occur.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, medical history, blood tests to check for certain antibodies and inflammation markers, and imaging tests such as X-rays, ultrasounds, or MRIs to assess joint damage.

There is no cure for rheumatoid arthritis, but treatments can help manage symptoms, slow disease progression, and improve quality of life. Treatment often involves a combination of medications, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), and biologics. Physical and occupational therapy are also important components of management, helping to maintain joint function and reduce pain. Lifestyle modifications, such as regular exercise and a healthy diet, can also be beneficial.