Reinkeoedeem

Reinke's edema, also known as edema of Reinke's space, is a benign laryngeal condition characterized by fluid-filled swelling of the superficial lamina propria of the vocal folds (Reinke's space). The thickened vocal folds reduce the mucosal wave and increase mass, typically producing a deep, husky or breathy voice.

The condition is most strongly associated with chronic irritation of the larynx, particularly cigarette smoking. Other contributing factors include chronic gastroesophageal reflux, vocal fold overuse, and exposure to environmental irritants. It is more common in middle-aged individuals and often occurs in the context of long-standing smoking or reflux.

Clinically, patients present with progressive hoarseness, reduced pitch range, and increased voice fatigue. On laryngoscopic examination, both vocal folds may appear enlarged with a translucent, swollen appearance and an enlarged glottic gap. Stroboscopy can reveal an impaired mucosal wave and reduced vocal fold vibration.

Diagnosis is based on history, endoscopic visualization, and, when needed, imaging to exclude other conditions. Management focuses on addressing risk factors and restoring vocal function. Primary measures include smoking cessation, treatment of reflux, and voice therapy with a speech-language pathologist. In cases where function remains impaired, surgical debulking of Reinke's space via microlaryngoscopy can improve voice by reducing tissue bulk, though recurrence is possible if irritants persist. The prognosis is generally favorable when risk factors are addressed and appropriate therapy is provided.