cigarette

A cigarette is a small, cylindrical roll of finely cut tobacco wrapped in paper, typically equipped with a filter at the non-burning end. It is designed to be lit at the exposed end and smoked, with the user drawing smoke into the lungs or mouth.

Most commercially manufactured cigarettes contain a tobacco blend and additives, encased in cigarette paper and a filter tip. The filter is usually made of cellulose acetate. Nicotine is delivered to the smoker through the smoke; cigarette design and blends vary by market. Processing, flavorings, and ventilation features influence the smoking experience, but all forms convey nicotine and other toxicants.

Health effects are well established. Smoking cigarettes causes nicotine dependence and increases the risk of cancers (lung, throat, mouth, among others), heart disease, stroke, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Secondhand smoke also poses health risks to non-smokers. Public health agencies emphasize that there is no safe level of exposure, and cessation improves health outcomes over time.

History and regulation. Mass-produced cigarettes emerged in the late 19th century with advances in mechanical manufacturing, contributing to widespread use in the 20th century. Public health concerns led to regulatory measures in many countries, including mandatory health warnings, advertising restrictions, taxation, age limits, and smoke-free policies. Packaging and labeling requirements, as well as consumer information about risks, are common features of regulation.

Economy and culture. Cigarettes remain a major legal consumer product in many markets, produced by large multinational companies and various regional manufacturers. Global use is affected by cultural norms, public health campaigns, taxation, and regulatory frameworks aimed at reducing harm and encouraging cessation.