Radioterapiaan

Radioterapiaan, commonly known as radiotherapy or radiation therapy, is a medical treatment that uses high doses of radiation to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. It is a cornerstone of cancer treatment, often used in conjunction with surgery, chemotherapy, or immunotherapy. Radiotherapy works by damaging the DNA of cancer cells, preventing them from growing and dividing. While it targets cancer cells, it can also affect healthy cells in the vicinity, leading to side effects.

There are two main types of radiotherapy: external beam radiation therapy and internal radiation therapy (brachytherapy). External beam radiation therapy delivers radiation from a machine outside the body. The radiation is precisely aimed at the tumor. Brachytherapy involves placing radioactive sources directly inside or near the tumor. The choice of radiotherapy type, the dose of radiation, and the treatment schedule depend on the type and stage of cancer, as well as the patient's overall health.

The process of radiotherapy planning is meticulous and involves imaging techniques like CT scans or MRIs to map out the tumor and surrounding tissues. Doctors then determine the optimal radiation dose and delivery method. During treatment, patients usually lie on a table while a machine delivers the radiation. The number of treatment sessions can vary widely, from a few days to several weeks. While radiotherapy can be highly effective, potential side effects are a significant consideration. These can range from mild skin irritation to fatigue, and may vary depending on the area of the body being treated. Doctors monitor patients closely throughout and after treatment to manage side effects and assess the treatment's effectiveness.