Megfigyelésalapú

Megfigyelésalapú is a Hungarian adjective describing approaches, methods, or theories that base conclusions on systematic observation of phenomena rather than on controlled experiments or purely theoretical reasoning. The term is formed from megfigyelés (observation) and alapú (based on) and is commonly used across disciplines to denote an empirical stance that emphasizes real-world evidence.

Megfigyelésalapú kutatás refers to research designs that prioritize naturalistic observation, field studies, and the analysis of observational data. Such approaches rely on careful documentation, transparent coding schemes, and explicit handling of bias. Limitations include potential confounding factors, lack of randomization, and challenges in establishing causality, though they offer strong ecological validity.

Megfigyelésalapú tanulás denotes learning that occurs through watching others perform actions and observe outcomes. Learners internalize strategies and consequences through modeling and social feedback, a concept linked to social learning theories. In education, this is implemented via demonstrations, modeling, and guided observation.

Megfigyelésalapú adatelemzés or megfigyelésalapú döntéstámogatás describes uses of observational data to identify patterns, inform decisions, or support policy. Methods are often descriptive or exploratory, with emphasis on real-world relevance rather than controlled experimentation.

Előnyei és korlátai: megfigyelésalapú megközelítések can provide rich, contextually grounded insights, but are susceptible to bias and limited ability to infer causality. Triangulation with experiment-based or theoretical methods is common to strengthen reliability.

Látható ekként: a megfigyelésalapú megközelítés univerzálisan alkalmazható a tudományos kutatás, oktatás és döntéstámogatás terén, ahol a megfigyelt jelenségek valósághű tükröt adnak a tényekről.