Jalakäijad

Jalakäijad is the Estonian term for pedestrians—people traveling on foot, including those using sidewalks, footpaths, and crossing roads. In traffic and urban planning discourse, jalakäijad are categorized as a vulnerable road user group, alongside cyclists and motor vehicle occupants. The safety of pedestrians depends on both infrastructure, such as sidewalks and crosswalks, and the behavior of pedestrians and drivers.

Legal framework and rights: In Estonia, the Road Traffic Act and related regulations define pedestrians' rights and duties and the responsibilities of drivers. Pedestrians generally have the right of way at marked pedestrian crossings and at intersections where signals indicate it is permissible to cross. Drivers are expected to exercise caution and yield to pedestrians in crosswalks and other cross-points. When there are no signals, pedestrians should cross at safe points and obey applicable controls, while drivers must adapt their speed to ensure safety.

Safety and infrastructure: Urban design aims to improve pedestrian safety through continuous sidewalks, clearly marked crossings, sufficient lighting, and traffic calming measures. High-visibility clothing and reflective materials are encouraged for pedestrians in low-light conditions. Common hazards include collisions at intersections, dangers from turning vehicles, and conflicts at driveways and parking areas, especially for children and older adults.

Overview: Jalakäijad encompass a broad group of people who walk for daily activities, commuting, or recreation. Their safety relies on a combination of well-designed infrastructure, clear traffic regulations, and attentive behavior from both pedestrians and motorists.