reflective

Reflective is an adjective with several related meanings. Literally, it describes the ability of a surface or material to reflect light, sound, or images, as with a mirror or polished metal. Figuratively, it denotes thoughtful consideration or contemplation, as in reflective practice. The term derives from Latin reflectere, "to bend back."

In optics, a reflective surface or coating directs incident light by reflection, producing images or enhancing visibility. Reflective surfaces include mirrors, polished metals, and dielectric or metallic coatings. In safety equipment and road infrastructure, retroreflective or highly reflective materials improve visibility by returning light toward its source, such as car headlights.

Reflective materials are widely used in clothing, signs, and athletic gear. The strength of reflectivity is measured by luminance or albedo; retroreflectivity keeps light near the source, while specular reflection returns light at equal angle. Applications include traffic signs, safety vests, and pedestrian protection.

In education and professional development, reflective practice is the process of analyzing actions and experiences to learn and improve future performance. It often involves journaling, self-questioning, and dialogue. Reflective essays and portfolios are common methods for demonstrating ongoing learning and critical thinking.

In philosophy and related fields, reflective concepts appear in discussions of ethical reasoning, such as reflective equilibrium, a state of coherence among considered judgments and principles. The term also appears in design and art to describe surfaces or processes that emphasize contemplation or self-examination.