equal

Equal is an adjective describing two or more things that have the same value, amount, size, degree, or status. In everyday language, something is equal to something else when they are the same in a specified respect. The verb form to equal means to become the same as or to be the same as.

In mathematics and logic, equality is a relation denoted by the equals sign (=). When a = b, both sides designate the same mathematical object. The relation is reflexive, symmetric, and transitive, and allows replacement of equals with equals in valid expressions (the substitution property). The symbol was introduced in the 16th century by Robert Recorde.

In computing, equality testing uses operators such as == or === in many languages, to compare values. The equals relation may differ across types, and some languages distinguish assignment (=) from equality (==).

In social and political contexts, equality refers to equal rights, duties, and opportunities. Concepts include equality before the law, equal protection, and social equality across gender, race, and other characteristics; policies and movements pursue reducing disparities and ensuring fair treatment.

Etymology: Equal comes from Latin aequalis, from aequus meaning even or level.