Invertergeregelte

Invertergeregelte describes systems or components whose operation is controlled by a power electronics inverter to regulate a process variable by adjusting the output frequency and voltage supplied to a load, typically an electric motor. An inverter in this context converts DC to AC with adjustable amplitude and frequency, enabling flexible speed and torque control.

In a typical invertergeregelte drive, the inverter is fed from a DC bus and connected to a motor. A sensors provide the actual process value (for example, motor speed, shaft position, or torque). A controller (often a microcontroller, DSP, or PLC) compares the measured value with a desired setpoint and generates commands that are sent to the inverter. This closed-loop control can use various strategies, such as voltage-frequency (V/f) control for simple speed regulation or more advanced methods like vector control (field-oriented control) or direct torque control for precise torque and speed regulation.

Benefits include smoother startups, broader controllable speed ranges, energy savings, reduced mechanical stress, and improved process control. Invertergeregelte systems are common in drives for pumps, fans, conveyors, machine tools, HVAC, and robotics. They also enable soft braking and energy recovery in some configurations.

Challenges involve electrical noise and electromagnetic interference, harmonic distortion, cooling and insulation needs, higher system complexity and cost, and the need for protection and fault-management features. The term is widely used in German-language technical literature and is closely related to variable-frequency drive (VFD) technology and motor control.