faultmanagement

Fault management refers to processes and tools for detecting, classifying, isolating, correcting, and preventing faults in networks, systems, and services. It is a core function in telecommunication and IT service management, and is commonly grouped under the fault element of FCAPS.

It encompasses automatic detection through sensors, logs, and management protocols, alarm generation and filtering, alarm correlation and root cause analysis, notification and escalation, fault diagnosis, repair actions, and verification that services have returned to normal. It also includes recording incidents for accountability and trend analysis to prevent recurrence.

The typical workflow starts with event generation from devices, followed by event filtering and correlation to reduce noise, fault localization and diagnosis, notification to operators, automated or manual remediation, verification, and clearing of alarms once the fault is resolved.

Key tools include network management systems, element management systems, and fault management systems, often using protocols such as SNMP traps, syslog, or telemetry. Modern systems employ correlation engines, machine learning for anomaly detection, and automation for rapid restoration.

Benefits include reduced mean time to repair, improved service availability, and better visibility into network health. Challenges include managing false alarms, data integration across heterogeneous domains, and ensuring timely escalation and human oversight.