Ibuprofeeni

Ibuprofeeni, known internationally as ibuprofen, is a widely used nonsteroidal anti‑inflammatory drug (NSAID). It belongs to the propionic acid class of pharmaceuticals and was first synthesized in the 1960s by the British chemist Stewart Adams. The drug works by inhibiting cyclooxygenase enzymes COX‑1 and COX‑2, which reduces the production of prostaglandins that normally stimulate inflammation, pain, and fever.

The medication is available in several formulations, including tablets, capsules, liquid suspensions, chewable tablets, and topical creams. It is commonly prescribed for mild to moderate pain such as headaches, toothaches, menstrual cramps, muscle aches, and arthritic pain. Additionally, ibuprofeeni is used to reduce fever and as an adjunct therapy for various inflammatory conditions. Standard adult dosages typically range from 200 to 400 milligrams taken every four to six hours, with a maximum daily limit of 2400 milligrams. For children, doses are calculated based on body weight and usually range from 5 to 10 milligrams per kilogram of body weight.

Common side effects include gastrointestinal discomfort, nausea, dizziness, and in rare cases, hypersensitivity reactions. Long‑term use or high doses may increase the risk of gastrointestinal ulcers, renal impairment, or cardiovascular events. Patients with known gastric ulcers, kidney disease, or heart conditions should use ibuprofeeni with caution or under medical supervision.

Ibuprofeeni is sold under numerous brand names worldwide and is a cornerstone of over‑the‑counter pain management. Regulations on dosage, contraindications, and side‑effect profiles are established by national health authorities to ensure safe use.