aches

Aches are sensations of pain or soreness felt in the body's tissues. The term is broad and usually refers to muscle pain (myalgia), joint pain (arthralgia), or tenderness in tendons and nerves. Aches can be acute or chronic and may affect a single area or large regions of the body.

Common causes include overuse or injury to muscles or tendons, inflammatory conditions such as arthritis, infections like influenza, autoimmune disorders, fibromyalgia, and certain medications. Other factors such as dehydration, poor sleep, stress, or aging can contribute.

Symptoms vary in location, quality, and intensity. Aches may be dull or sharp, constant or intermittent, and may worsen with movement or after activity. In some cases accompanying symptoms such as stiffness, swelling, or fatigue occur. Red flags include severe chest or abdominal pain, sudden weakness or numbness, fever with neck stiffness, or signs of a serious injury.

Diagnosis relies on history and examination. When symptoms persist beyond a few weeks, are recurrent, or are accompanied by red flags, medical evaluation is advised. Tests are guided by the suspected underlying condition.

Treatment typically includes rest for acute injuries, hydration, and balanced activity. Over-the-counter analgesics such as acetaminophen or NSAIDs can help, following dosing guidance. Other options include heat or cold therapy, gentle stretching, physical therapy, and treatment of the underlying cause.

Prevention focuses on conditioning, proper technique, warm-ups, posture and ergonomics, adequate sleep, hydration, and gradual increases in activity.