Handicraft

Handicraft refers to objects that are handmade or assembled by skilled artisans, typically using traditional methods and locally sourced materials. It emphasizes craftsmanship, utility, and aesthetic value over mass production. Common categories include textiles (embroidery, weaving, knitting), pottery, basketry, wood and stone carving, metalwork, leather goods, glassware, paper crafts, jewelry, and decorative arts.

Production often occurs in small workshops, home studios, or cooperatives. Techniques are transmitted through apprenticeship and community schooling. Materials range from fibers and clay to wood, metal, stone, and leather, and tools include looms, chisels, needles, and dyes. Handicrafts can reflect regional design motifs and cultural heritage and may serve functional, ceremonial, or symbolic purposes.

In contemporary economies, handicraft supports cultural preservation and rural development, with markets in local fairs, galleries, tourism, and increasingly online platforms. Economic models include microenterprise, cooperatives, and fair-trade arrangements. Trends include the maker movement, sustainable materials, customization, and a focus on ethical supply chains. Handicraft differs from mass production in its emphasis on individual or small-batch work, tactile quality, and the maker's personal involvement. It intersects with crafts, folk art, and applied arts and often contributes to cultural identity and community resilience.