Groupsets

A groupset is a complete collection of bicycle components designed to work together as a single drivetrain and braking system. It is produced by manufacturers and sold as a cohesive unit to ensure compatibility and simplify maintenance. The term is often used in reference to road, mountain, or gravel bikes, with different groupsets optimized for different terrains and riding styles.

A typical groupset includes the crankset, chain, front and rear derailleurs, shifters, a cassette, and brakes. In modern road systems, the shifters and brakes are frequently integrated into a single unit. Many groupsets also have electronic shifting variants, which use batteries and motors rather than cables. Pedals are generally not included in a groupset and are sold separately.

Groupsets vary by intended use and by speed. They are available in configurations with 9, 10, 11, or 12 speeds, with each increase in speed requiring narrower chains and different cog spacing. Major brands and families include Shimano (Dura-Ace, Ultegra, 105), SRAM (Red, Force, Rival), and Campagnolo (Super Record, Record, Chorus). Within a brand, lines are designed to be cohesive, so parts from the same family usually interoperate, though cross-brand compatibility is limited.

Electronic groupsets, such as Shimano Di2, SRAM eTap, and Campagnolo EPS, replace traditional cables with electric shifting and battery-powered actuation, while mechanical groupsets rely on cable actuation. Maintenance considerations differ: electronic systems require battery management and firmware updates, whereas mechanical systems focus on cable tension and wear.

Choosing a groupset involves considering rider needs, weight, stiffness, shifting performance, and service availability. Mid-range groupsets typically balance cost and performance, while high-end lines are favored by competitive riders for their precision and durability.