Funnelweb

Funnelweb refers most commonly to a group of spiders native to Australia, celebrated for weaving distinctive funnel-shaped webs. Species in the genera Atrax and Hadronyche, among others, are commonly cited as funnel-web spiders. These arachnids typically build a sheet-like web with a narrow, silk-lined retreat at one end, from which they emerge to capture prey or defend themselves. They are generally robust, medium to large in size, with dark, glossy bodies and powerful fangs.

Funnel-web spiders are among the most venomous spiders, with neurotoxic venom that can cause severe symptoms in humans. Bites can be life-threatening if not treated promptly, particularly with older methods of care. In modern medical practice, antivenom specific to Australian funnel-web venom is available and effective. Most bites occur when a spider is threatened or accidentally disturbed; effective treatment reduces the risk of serious outcomes.

They are mostly nocturnal ambush predators that rely on their retreat and venom to immobilize prey. They inhabit moist, sheltered locations such as under fallen logs, in leaf litter, rock crevices, or within human structures along the eastern coast of Australia. The funnel-shaped web helps funnel prey toward the spider and provides protection.

Outside of biology, the term funnelweb is occasionally used as a brand name or project title in various technical or cultural contexts. These uses are unrelated to the arachnid and are not standardized.