Australian

Australian can refer to a person who is a citizen or national of Australia, or more broadly to anything related to Australia, including its culture, geography, or language. The term is used as both a noun and an adjective.

Australia is a sovereign country and a continent located in the southern hemisphere. It is a federal federation consisting of six states and two mainland territories. The capital is Canberra; major cities include Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth, and Adelaide. The head of state is the monarch, represented domestically by a governor-general, while the head of government is the prime minister. The Australian Parliament is bicameral, comprising the Senate and the House of Representatives.

The population is around 26 million, characterized by significant cultural and linguistic diversity driven by immigration and Indigenous communities. English is the de facto national language, with Australian English as the widely spoken variety. Indigenous languages are still spoken and revitalized in various communities, alongside languages brought by generations of migrants.

Historically, Australia was inhabited by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples for tens of thousands of years before British colonization began in 1788. The six separate colonies federated to form the Commonwealth of Australia in 1901. Since then, the country has developed a multicultural society with ties to British legal and political traditions while embracing influences from Asia and the Pacific region.

Geographically, Australia features deserts and arid interior regions, tropical northern areas, and extensive coastlines. Notable landmarks include the Great Barrier Reef, the Outback, and diverse fauna and flora unique to the continent.