migrants

Migrants are people who move from their usual place of residence to another location to live, work, study, or join family. The term is distinct from refugees and asylum seekers, who are compelled to leave due to persecution or conflict and may seek protection under international law. Migrants may move within the same country (internal migration) or across international borders (international migration).

People migrate for reasons such as economic opportunity, education, and family reunification. Forced displacement due to conflict, violence, persecution, or natural disasters also creates migrants who may seek protection. Migration can be temporary or permanent, and it may occur legally with visas and work permits or irregularly without authorization.

Migration affects both origin and destination. Destination countries may gain from labor and cultural diversity, while origin countries can receive remittances and knowledge transfer; however, migration can also entail brain drain. Remittances are an important income source for many communities. Policies on integration and protection shape migrants' well-being and rights.

Migration governance combines national laws, bilateral agreements, and international norms. International law recognizes the rights of all persons to move and to seek asylum, while refugee and human rights frameworks protect those at risk. Organizations such as the International Organization for Migration provide data, guidance, and support. States regulate entry, stay, and work through visas and residency programs and may enforce controls or deportation for irregular migration.