Fordøjelseslidelse

Fordøjelseslidelse, also known as indigestion or dyspepsia, refers to a group of symptoms that affect the upper digestive tract. These symptoms commonly include discomfort or pain in the upper abdomen, a feeling of fullness during or after eating, bloating, nausea, and sometimes heartburn. While often used interchangeably, indigestion is a symptom rather than a specific disease, and it can stem from a variety of underlying causes or be a sign of a more serious condition.

The causes of indigestion are diverse. They can include lifestyle factors such as overeating, eating too quickly, consuming fatty, spicy, or acidic foods, drinking too much alcohol or caffeine, and smoking. Stress and anxiety are also known triggers. Medical causes can range from gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), where stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, to peptic ulcers, gastritis (inflammation of the stomach lining), gallbladder problems, or even more serious conditions like pancreatic cancer. Certain medications, like aspirin or some anti-inflammatory drugs, can also irritate the stomach lining and lead to indigestion.

Diagnosis typically involves a review of the patient's symptoms and medical history. Depending on the severity and persistence of symptoms, a doctor may recommend further investigations such as blood tests, stool tests, endoscopy, or imaging studies to rule out specific underlying diseases. Treatment focuses on addressing the root cause. Lifestyle modifications, such as dietary changes, stress management, and avoiding trigger foods, are often the first line of intervention. Medications, including antacids, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), or H2 blockers, may be prescribed to reduce stomach acid. In cases where a specific disease is identified, treatment will be tailored to that condition.