Footraces

Footraces are running competitions in which athletes aim to cover a set distance faster than their opponents. Races can be held on a track, on public roads, or on cross‑country courses, and they span a wide range of distances from short sprints to marathons. Common track events include 60 or 100 meters, 200 and 400 meters, while middle-distance events include 800 and 1500 meters and long-distance events 5000 and 10000 meters; road racing features half-marathons and marathons. Relays such as the 4x100 and 4x400 extend team participation.

Footraces have ancient origins and modern governance: organized racing existed in ancient Greece, and racing became a key part of the Olympic Games in the modern era. The sport is governed internationally by World Athletics, with national federations overseeing events within their countries. Major competitions include the Olympic Games, World Championships, and the Diamond League, along with numerous road and cross-country events worldwide.

Rules and formats vary by discipline. On a track, sprints are run in lanes with starting blocks and fast starts; longer races may use shared lanes and multiple laps. Relay races involve baton exchanges, and false starts or lane violations can lead to disqualification. Official timing relies on electronic systems and photo finishes to determine results.

Training emphasizes speed, endurance, and strategy, using interval workouts, tempo runs, and long runs. Equipment includes lightweight racing shoes and appropriate track surfaces. Anti-doping controls apply to ensure fair competition.

Record figures are maintained for each distance and venue, including track and road events. Progress in world and national records reflects advances in training, technique, and technology.