ESP01

The ESP01 is a compact Wi-Fi module based on the ESP8266 system-on-chip (SoC), widely used in Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Developed by Espressif Systems, it provides affordable and easy-to-integrate wireless connectivity for embedded projects.

The ESP01 module features a 32-bit microcontroller with integrated Wi-Fi 802.11 b/g/n capabilities. It operates at a voltage of 3.3V and typically includes 512 KB of flash memory, which can be used to store firmware and user applications. The module provides a simple serial interface (UART) for communication with microcontrollers, along with GPIO pins for input and output functions.

Designed for compact applications, the ESP01 measures approximately 25mm x 14mm, making it suitable for space-constrained environments. Its small form factor and low power consumption make it ideal for smart home devices, sensor networks, and other IoT devices that require wireless connectivity.

The ESP01 is often used in conjunction with microcontrollers like Arduino or Raspberry Pi. It can be programmed either via serial connection or through external programming tools, often requiring firmware flashing with custom or pre-made software. Due to its simplicity, the module has garnered popularity among hobbyists and developers for rapid prototyping and home automation projects.

While the ESP01 provides basic Wi-Fi features, it lacks some advanced capabilities found in larger ESP8266 modules, such as additional GPIOs, ADC pins, or integrated breadboard-friendly designs. Nevertheless, its balance of cost, size, and functionality has made it a prominent component in the IoT ecosystem.