Couches

A couch, sofa, or settee is a piece of upholstered seating designed to accommodate more than one person. In common usage, a couch tends to be described as casual and comfortable, while a sofa is often viewed as more formal. The term settee is historical and less commonly used today, sometimes implying a smaller or more decorative piece. The etymology of the terms reflects different language traditions, with sofa deriving from the Arabic suffah via Turkish, and couch coming from the French coucher.

Most couches have a rigid frame made of wood or metal, with springs or webbing to support cushions. The seating area is cushioned with foam, down, or a combination, and the back and arms provide support. Upholstery fabrics range from durable blends and leather to natural fibers and performance textiles. Construction quality affects durability, comfort, and appearance, including factors such as joinery, cushion density, and the method of mounting the upholstery.

Common varieties include sectional sofas, modular configurations, loveseat-sized models, sleeper or sofa beds, and recliners. A chaise longue is a separate form that combines seating with a long, reclining section. Sectionals and modular setups are popular for customizing seating arrangements in living spaces.

Care and maintenance focus on avoiding stains and wear. Regular vacuuming, prompt blotting of spills, and following fabric or leather care guidelines extend lifespan. Cleaning methods vary by material and may require professional services for certain fabrics or finishes.

Historically, couches evolved from earlier daybeds and seating in social spaces, becoming a central element of modern living rooms. Regional terminology and styles have produced a wide range of designs, from traditional to contemporary, to suit various aesthetics and functions.