Charanas

Charanas, also spelled Charans, are a caste and occupational community of western India, especially Rajasthan and Gujarat. Historically they were renowned as poets, historians, genealogists, and diplomats who served in Rajput and other royal courts. Charan poets were commissioned to compose praise for rulers, record lineages, narrate events, and create chronicles that preserved local histories and deeds. They also acted as mediators, messengers, and political advisers in courtly life.

Origin and social role: The Charanas trace their lineages to ancient dynasties and sages and are identified by their bardic profession. They are organized into regional clans and subgroups, with practices and status varying by locality. In many regions they are recognized as a distinct caste within the social order, and their traditional roles have shifted through medieval, colonial, and modern periods.

Cultural and linguistic contributions: The Charans produced literature in Rajasthani, Marwari, and Gujarati, often in verse, including histories, genealogies, praise poetry, and devotional or didactic works. Their oral and written traditions document courtly life, genealogies, and regional history, making them important sources for the study of medieval and early modern South Asia.

Contemporary status: Today Charanas remain a recognized community in several Indian states. Many continue in cultural and literary activities, while others pursue education, business, or public life. As with other traditional groups, regional variations in status and practice persist.