profession

A profession is a type of occupation characterized by specialized knowledge, formal education or training, and a commitment to ethical standards. Professions typically require extensive study, certification, and ongoing professional development, and they are often regulated by bodies that set standards, certify competence, and enforce codes of ethics.

The term is used to distinguish a profession from a generic job and from a vocation, which is a sense of calling, or from a trade, which may emphasize practical skills. The professional path usually involves accredited programs, internships, and supervised practice before independent work.

Regulation and governance vary by field and country. Entry may require licensure or registration in some professions, and professional associations may provide membership, guidelines, and disciplinary processes. Professionals typically exercise autonomy and judgment in service of the public and may contribute to the advancement of knowledge through research and peer review.

Common examples include medicine, law, engineering, teaching, nursing, accounting, architecture, journalism, and social work. Professions often rely on a framework of ethics, standards of practice, and continuing education to maintain competence and public trust.

Professions influence and are influenced by society and the economy. They carry status and social capital, shape career trajectories, and must address issues such as access, equity, ethics, and the impacts of new technologies, globalization, and evolving labor markets.