Argiope

Argiope is a genus of spiders in the family Araneidae, commonly referred to as orb-weaver spiders. It comprises numerous species found in warm regions around the world, including Argiope bruennichi (wasp spider) and Argiope aurantia (yellow garden spider). Members of Argiope are typically medium to large, with females often much larger than males.

Description: Species in this genus often have striking coloration and bold abdominal patterns, frequently black and yellow. The cephalothorax is usually dark with lighter markings. They spin large, circular orb webs in vegetation or near structures. In many species, the web features a stabilimentum—a zigzag of thick silk—whose purpose remains debated.

Behavior and ecology: Argiope spiders are typically diurnal or crepuscular. They sit in the center of their web and wait for prey, which they subdue with venom and silk. They can rapidly repair damaged webs. Egg sacs are laid in late summer or autumn and attached to vegetation; spiderlings disperse by ballooning when ready.

Reproduction: Females are generally larger and may consume courting males; mating behavior varies by species. The genus is not considered dangerous to humans; bites are rare and typically mild.

Taxonomy and distribution: Argiope is a widely distributed genus, found in Africa, Asia, the Americas, and Europe, in habitats from grasslands to gardens and forests. The name derives from Greek elements meaning "silver" and "face."