Aknebenägen

Aknebenägen is a term used in dermatology to describe skin that is prone to acne. It is not a formal diagnosis but a description of a phenotype in which the skin has a tendency to develop comedones and inflammatory lesions. Aknebenägen skin often becomes more noticeable during puberty or during periods of hormonal change, stress, or medication changes.

The underlying biology involves multiple factors. Increased sebum production by the sebaceous glands, together with abnormal follicular keratinization, leads to clogged pores. Cutibacterium acnes (formerly Propionibacterium acnes) colonization and an ensuing inflammatory response contribute to acne lesions. Genetic predisposition and androgen hormones can amplify sebum output, making the skin more susceptible to flares. External factors such as high-glycemic diets, certain dairy products, and comedogenic cosmetics may worsen symptoms in some individuals, though effects vary.

Clinically, aknebenägen skin presents with oily texture and a tendency for pores to become clogged. Common lesions include non-inflammatory comedones (open and closed) and inflammatory papules or pustules on the face, and sometimes the chest or back. Severity ranges from mild to moderate or severe. Differential diagnoses include rosacea, folliculitis, and seborrheic dermatitis. A dermatologist can help assess hormonal status in youths and adults where appropriate.

Management focuses on controlling oil production, promoting gentle skin care, and preventing new lesions. Skincare should include mild cleansing, non-comedogenic moisturizers, and sun protection. Topical treatments such as retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, and, when indicated, topical antibiotics are commonly used. Systemic options include oral antibiotics for moderate disease and hormonal therapy for certain females. In persistent or severe cases, isotretinoin may be considered under specialist supervision. Regular follow-up helps tailor therapy and minimize adverse effects.