clogged

Clogged describes a condition in which an opening, conduit, or passage is obstructed by material that accumulates or becomes lodged, impeding normal flow. The term is applied across several domains, including everyday plumbing, HVAC systems, and medical contexts, where blockages can affect performance and safety.

In plumbing, a clogged drain or pipe occurs when hair, soap scum, grease, mineral deposits, or foreign objects accumulate, reducing or stopping flow and causing slow drainage, backups, or overflows. In ventilation and drainage systems, ducts and traps may become clogged with dust, lint, or sediment, decreasing efficiency and air quality. In dermatology, a clogged pore refers to blocked hair follicles by sebum and dead skin cells, potentially leading to acne. In cardiovascular contexts, a clogged artery describes the buildup of plaque that narrows the lumen and impairs blood flow.

Causes and signs: Clogs arise from material buildup, improper disposal of substances, or structural wear. Common signs include slow drainage, gurgling sounds, odors, reduced airflow, or visible blockages. In arteries, symptoms vary and may include chest pain, shortness of breath, or fatigue, often requiring medical evaluation.

Prevention and treatment: Preventive measures include regular cleaning, straining solids, avoiding pouring fats or oils down drains, and using appropriate filters. For drains, mechanical methods such as plungers or snakes and chemical cleaners can clear many clogs, though severe blockages may require professional service. In medical contexts, treatment depends on location and may involve lifestyle changes, medications, interventions to remove the blockage, or surgery.