Skincare

Skincare refers to practices and products used to maintain and improve the health and appearance of the skin. It encompasses cleansing, moisturizing, protection from the sun, and treatments for specific concerns.

Routine design varies by individual but generally includes cleansing, moisturizing, and sun protection daily. Some people use targeted treatments such as retinoids, acids, antioxidants, or prescription products based on skin needs and professional guidance.

Cleansing removes dirt and excess oil but should be gentle to preserve the skin barrier. Use lukewarm water and a mild cleanser; avoid harsh scrubbing.

Moisturizing supports the skin barrier by preventing water loss. Choose products suitable for skin type and climate; ingredients like ceramides and hyaluronic acid can help.

Sun protection is essential; broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher, applied daily and reapplied every two hours when outdoors.

Active ingredients: retinoids for aging and acne, niacinamide for barrier support and inflammation, vitamin C as an antioxidant, alpha-hydroxy and beta-hydroxy acids for exfoliation, but start gradually to minimize irritation; follow product directions and consider patch testing.

Skin types and conditions: people have normal, dry, oily, or combination skin and sensitive skin may react to fragrances or certain ingredients. Acne, eczema, rosacea require tailored approaches, and persistent issues should be evaluated by a dermatologist.

Lifestyle factors: sleep, diet, smoking, air pollution affect skin; overall health supports skincare goals. The field evolves with research; consult reliable sources or professionals for personalized advice.