Acomys

Acomys is a genus of rodents in the family Muridae, commonly known as spiny mice. It includes several species distributed across Africa and parts of the Middle East. Spiny mice are small to medium-sized, and they are distinguished by stiff guard hairs along the back that give a spiny appearance, a trait that helps deter predators. They have relatively long ears, prominent whiskers, and a tail that is often scaly and sparsely haired.

Distribution and habitat: Acomys species inhabit a range of dry environments, including savannas, deserts, rocky outcrops, and shrubby areas, from sub-Saharan Africa to the Middle East and the Arabian Peninsula. They are largely nocturnal and typically shelter in burrows, rock crevices, or under debris.

Diet and behavior: They are omnivorous, feeding on seeds, fruits, vegetation, and occasional invertebrates. They are capable climbers and diggers; social behavior varies by species and conditions, ranging from solitary to small family groups. Reproduction is generally rapid in warm conditions, with potential for multiple litters per year; litter size varies by species and environment.

Regenerative biology: Spiny mice have attracted attention for regenerative biology; some species exhibit notable wound healing and tissue regeneration after injury in laboratory studies, which stands in contrast to typical mammalian responses. The extent of this capacity is species- and context-dependent.

Conservation: IUCN statuses vary by species; many Acomys species are listed as Least Concern due to broad ranges and relatively stable populations, but some have restricted ranges or face threats from habitat loss, climate change, or overgrazing.

Taxonomy note: They are distinct from porcupines, though their spiny fur is a convergent trait.