1x12

1x12 is a nominal lumber size used in North American woodworking and construction. It describes a board that is intended to be about 1 inch thick and 12 inches wide in its nominal dimensions. After milling, the actual cross-section is smaller, typically about 3/4 inch thick and 11 1/4 inches wide. The length of a 1x12 board varies and is commonly sold in standard lengths such as 6, 8, 10, and 12 feet.

The term applies to both softwood and hardwood boards, though softwoods like pine, fir, and spruce are far more common in typical construction and shop use. Wood can be found in various grades (for example No. 1, No. 2) and moisture states (green, air-dried, or kiln-dried). Availability and exact dimensions can vary by supplier and region.

Common applications for 1x12 boards include non-structural shelving and pantry organizers, cabinet backs and face frames, wide trim and molding, paneling, and rustic or farmhouse-style finishes. They are also used for decorative elements and certain framing projects where a wide, flat surface is desirable.

Practical considerations when using 1x12 boards include susceptibility to warping, cupping, or bowing due to their wide width; selecting straight, well-seasoned stock and supporting appropriate spans helps mitigate distortion. Finishing and sealing are often employed for interior uses, while outdoor or moisture-prone applications require suitable species selection or protective treatment.

In summary, 1x12 denotes a wide, relatively thin board in nominal terms, with actual dimensions adjusted to approximately 3/4 by 11 1/4 inches, used primarily for non-structural applications and wide panel-like surfaces.