paneling

Paneling is a treatment for interior walls or ceilings consisting of flat panels attached to a frame or substrate. It provides decoration, protection, and sometimes insulation or acoustic tuning. Panels are produced in a variety of materials, including wood, medium-density fiberboard (MDF), plywood, vinyl, and metal.

Common panel styles include beadboard (narrow vertical boards with beads), wainscoting (lower wall panels with molding), raised or flat paneled walls framed by rails and stiles, and shiplap or tongue-and-groove panels. Beadboard is often used in casual or cottage-style interiors; raised panels evoke traditional interiors; shiplap has a horizontal, overlapping joint.

Wood panels may be solid wood or veneered; softwoods such as pine are common, while hardwoods are used for more formal spaces. Engineered panels like plywood or MDF provide stability and smooth surfaces. Vinyl or PVC panels mimic wood with improved moisture resistance. Installation typically involves fastening to studs or a backing frame, with nails, screws, or adhesive, and may include trim moldings to conceal joints. Acoustic panels use dense fibers or foam to absorb sound and are common in studios and offices.

Paneling offers quick transformation, hides damage, improves acoustics, and can add warmth or formality. It can be removed or replaced more easily than wallpaper. Maintenance varies by material; wood may require sealing or painting, while vinyl is generally low maintenance.

Moisture sensitivity is a consideration for wood and some composites; in humid spaces, moisture-resistant materials or proper sealing are important. Style and period considerations affect a space’s character and resale value, and costs vary widely with material and complexity.