wallowing

Wallowing is the act of lying or rolling about in mud, water, or dust. In animals, it commonly serves thermoregulatory and protective purposes, helping to cool the body and deter parasites or sunburn. The verb is also used metaphorically to describe dwelling on difficulties or negative emotions in humans.

Physical wallowing is widespread among mammals. Pigs are especially associated with mud wallows, which can reduce skin irritation and help regulate body temperature. Other species, including elephants, rhinoceroses, and some ungulates, use mud or dusty areas to cover their skin. In natural or managed habitats, wallows may create microhabitats that support invertebrates and moisture retention.

In domestic or captive settings, wallowing is sometimes encouraged for welfare, but excessive or abnormal wallowing can indicate heat stress, illness, or boredom. Management strategies may include access to water features, shade, and enrichment to reduce stress while avoiding substrate problems.

Figuratively, to wallow means to indulge in or dwell on something unpleasant or self-pitying without constructive progress. The phrase “to wallow in self-pity” is common. In some contexts, recognizing wallowing as a coping step can be helpful, but prolonged wallowing may impede problem solving or recovery.

Related terms include mud bath, mud wallow, self-pity, and emotional regulation.