sock

A sock is a garment worn on the foot and part of the leg, typically covering the foot and ankle and sometimes extending higher. It is worn with shoes or other footwear to provide warmth, absorb moisture, reduce friction, and prevent blisters. Socks vary in material, thickness, length, and fit to suit different activities and climates.

Historically, socks were made from woven fabrics or knitted by hand from wool, cotton, or linen. Today, they commonly use blends of natural and synthetic fibers such as nylon, polyester, and elastane for stretch and durability. Most socks are knitted in tubes, sometimes with a separate heel and toe, and many are seamless. Styles range from lightweight dress socks to thick athletic or thermal varieties, with features such as reinforced toes and heels, cushioned soles, and non-slip grips.

Evidence of sock-like coverings dates to ancient times, and knitted socks appear in the medieval and early modern periods. Machine knitting expanded production in the 19th century, making socks widely available as everyday wear. Fashion and practicality have driven variations in length and design, from ankle to knee-high, as well as specialized types for sports, formal wear, medical use, and comfort.

Common lengths include ankle, crew, and knee-high. Specialized forms include athletic socks, dress socks, compression socks, and toe socks. Care typically involves washing according to fiber content and avoiding high heat to preserve elasticity and fit.