skunk

Skunk is a small to medium-sized mammal in the family Mephitidae, native to the Americas. They are best known for their ability to spray a pungent liquid from anal glands as a defensive weapon, a spray that can deter predators and deter intruders.

Skunks include several species, such as the striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis), the western and eastern spotted skunks (Spilogale spp.), and hog-nosed skunks (Conepatus). They typically have a stocky body, short legs, and a long tail; coloration varies by species, with striped or spotted patterns that often serve as a warning signal.

Most species are nocturnal and solitary, becoming active at dusk to forage. They are omnivorous, feeding on insects, small vertebrates, eggs, berries, and plant matter. They have a keen sense of smell and are capable climbers and swimmers in some cases.

Reproduction occurs after a mating season in late winter or early spring. Gestation lasts about 60 to 75 days, with litters of roughly 4 to 10 kits. Kits are born blind and hairless and depend on their mother for several weeks.

Defense is primarily chemical; the spray is produced by anal glands and can be sprayed with surprising accuracy up to several meters. The odor derives from sulfur-containing compounds, and the spray can cause temporary irritation in humans and pets.

Skunks occupy a variety of habitats across the Americas, from forests and grasslands to agricultural areas and urban fringes. They generally face few natural threats, though road traffic and habitat loss can impact local populations. In ecosystems, they help control insect and rodent populations.