roadmarkings

Road markings are painted or otherwise applied symbols, lines, words, and patterns on road surfaces that guide, warn, and regulate traffic. They help define lanes, indicate permissible movements, designate pedestrian areas and bike routes, mark parking spaces, and provide information that supports safe travel, especially in low-visibility conditions.

Common categories include lane lines that separate traffic, edge lines that define the roadway boundary, and center lines that may separate opposing directions. Crosswalks mark pedestrian passage, while arrows indicate allowed turns. Words and symbols such as STOP, YIELD, or NO ENTRY convey specific instructions. Temporary markings are used in construction zones and detour routes and are often colored differently to stand out from permanent lines.

Color and meaning of road markings vary by jurisdiction. In many places, dashed lines permit changing lanes, while solid lines restrict it; color conventions for centerlines and lane dividers can differ between countries. Pictographs, words, and directional arrows provide focused guidance for turning, parking, or speed-related cautions.

Materials and technologies used include road paints, thermoplastic markings, and epoxy or polyurethane-based systems, chosen for durability and nighttime visibility. Reflective elements, such as retroreflective beads, improve visibility in the dark. Raised markers or studs may be used in addition to painted lines to enhance cueing for drivers and cyclists.

Standards and guidance are issued by national or international bodies. Examples include the MUTCD in the United States and TSRGD in the United Kingdom, with broader influence from international conventions. Maintenance involves repainting and refurbishing markings as wear occurs, cleaning of the road surface, and updating markings to reflect changes in traffic patterns. Accessibility considerations, such as tactile indicators at crossings, also play a role in modern road design.