rce

Remote code execution (RCE) is a security vulnerability or attack that allows an attacker to run arbitrary code on a remote system, typically a server or web application, over a network. RCE can enable full system compromise, data theft, defacement, or deployment of malware and is considered highly dangerous due to the attacker’s ability to control the target.

RCE often results from flaws that permit untrusted input to influence program behavior. Common vectors include command injection, insecure deserialization of objects, server-side template or scripting injections, and unsafe handling of file paths or system commands. Exposure of administrative interfaces, misconfigured services, and out-of-date software increase the likelihood of RCE in many environments.

The impact of an RCE incident depends on the permissions of the compromised process and the scope of control gained. If an attacker executes code with high privileges or within a exposed service, they may gain persistent access, escalate privileges, or move laterally across a network.

Prevention and detection emphasize secure development, patch management, and defense in depth. Practices include timely patching of vulnerable components, input validation with allowlists, least-privilege execution, avoidance of dangerous functions, and sandboxing or containerization. Architectural measures such as isolating processing, code signing, and limiting network exposure are important. Runtime protections like web application firewalls or runtime application self-protection, along with vigilant logging and anomaly detection, aid detection.

Security testing, including code reviews, static and dynamic analysis, and targeted penetration testing, helps identify RCE risk. Incident response should isolate affected systems, preserve evidence, and recover from clean backups.