railings

Railings are architectural barriers designed to prevent falls and provide support along edges such as stairs, balconies, decks, and bridges. A typical railing system includes posts anchored to a structural element, a top rail for grasping, and a series of balusters or panels that fill the span. Handrails may extend beyond the start and end of a flight to assist users, and some designs incorporate glass or solid panels for visual openness or wind protection.

Railings come in a range of materials and styles. Common materials include wood, metal (such as wrought iron, steel, or aluminum), glass, and composite or vinyl products. Wood railings are often chosen for traditional or custom aesthetics, while metal railings provide durability and a thinner profile. Glass or panel systems offer contemporary looks and clear sightlines but may require higher maintenance or cleaning.

Safety and accessibility are central considerations. Codes and standards specify requirements such as railing height, typically around 34 to 38 inches (about 860 to 965 mm) for stairs in many jurisdictions, and baluster spacing generally not more than 4 inches (100 mm) apart to prevent falls. Handrails should be continuous and graspable, with smooth surfaces and no sharp edges. Local regulations, building codes, and universal design guidelines govern installation, load requirements, and material treatments.

Installation involves secure anchoring to structural elements and consideration of weather exposure and load paths. Maintenance includes inspections for loose posts, corrosion, rot, and coating degradation, with periodic repairs or refinishing as needed.